(119) Nursing Issues

(120) Phramacotherapy

1. Call for nominations for cochairs of SIG
2. Discuss potential topics for APS annual programming for 2015
3. Debate the utility of pharmacogenetic testing in routine pain management

(121) Psychosocial Research

The 2014 Psychosocial Research SIG meeting will feature three components. First, a brief business meeting will update members on major SIG activities and hold an election for the SIG cochair for the 2014–2015 term. Second, the 5th Annual SIG Young Investigator Poster award will be presented, and the winner will present his or her research in a platform session. Finally, experts in the field of psychosocial pain research will give brief presentations and participate in a panel discussion, “Threatening Our Darlings: A Critical Examination of Fundamental Assumptions in Psychosocial Research on Pain.” Expert presentations and discussion will focus on fundamental assumptions in the field’s approach to theory, methodology, intervention, and assessment that often are not challenged, as well as alternatives that may be considered. Panelists will include Drs. Lance McCracken, Beverly Thorn, Mark Jensen, Michael Sullivan, and Robert Coghill. We look forward to you joining us for what should be an engaging and interactive SIG meeting.

(122) Pain in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

The Pain in SCD SIG seeks to foster the development of a multidisciplinary community that brings together a diverse group of pain researchers, including basic scientists, clinicians, and other health professionals, to increase the knowledge of pain in SCD.
Drs. Dampier and Palermo, cochairs of the working group on sickle cell pain, will present an overview of the progress toward development of a comprehensive, evidence-based pain taxonomy with a multiaxial framework for diagnostic criteria for the classification of chronic pain in SCD as part of the Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION) public-private partnership with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and APS. Further discussion will focus on the challenges presented by the unique features of acute episodic and chronic pain in SCD for taxonomy classifications, and the potential relevance of the International Classification of Headache Disorders to SCD pain. Finally, studies needed to further validate SCD pain taxonomies will be described.

(123) Measurement of Pain and Its Impact

Charles Argoff and Nalini Sehgal are invited to discuss the topic of the "Role of Symptoms and Signs Assessment in Diagnosis of Neuropathic Pain."

(124) Pain Rehabilitation

(125) Palliative Care

(126) Ethics
Roger Chou, MD; Brett Stacey, MD; Judith Scheman, PhD

The Ethics SIG will host a panel presentation discussing various ethical dilemmas. Dr. Chou will present ethical dilemmas related to conflict of interest, reporting bias, or off label use; Dr. Stacey will discuss a medical case; and Dr. Scheman will present a dilemma related to psychology and opioid prescription. This session promises a lively discussion with ample audience participation.

Health Care's Most Important Reform — The Provider 
David Newman, MD

Increasingly, surveys show patients are dissatisfied and providers are frustrated. The provider-patient relationship is in peril, and yet, though patients distrust insurance companies or pharmaceutical corporations or politicians to make decisions for them, they trust their providers. Physicians are the de facto face of reform and the primary drivers of reform’s success or failure.

This raises critical questions: Can the academic medicine community reform itself, starting with the provider? Can we reform the way we think, interact with patients, or use technologies? Can we deconstruct and rewire? There is no healthcare reform without provider reform—but providers are famously headstrong. What now?

Sensory Mechanism for Heat Inhibition of Cold
Mark Zylka, PhD

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a classic molecular marker of peptidergic primary somatosensory neurons. Despite years of research, it is unknown if these neurons are required to sense pain or other sensory stimuli. We found that genetic ablation of CGRP α-expressing sensory neurons reduced sensitivity to noxious heat, capsaicin, and itch (histamine and chloroquine) and impaired thermoregulation but did not impair mechanosensation or ß-alanine itch—stimuli associated with nonpeptidergic sensory neurons. Unexpectedly, ablation enhanced behavioral responses to cold stimuli and cold mimetics without altering peripheral nerve responses to cooling. Mechanistically, ablation reduced tonic and evoked activity in postsynaptic spinal neurons associated with TRPV1/heat while profoundly increasing tonic and evoked activity in spinal neurons associated with TRPM8/cold. Our data reveal that CGRP α sensory neurons encode heat and itch and tonically cross-inhibit cold-responsive spinal neurons. Disruption of this crosstalk unmasks cold hypersensitivity, with mechanistic implications for neuropathic pain, side effects of TRPV1 antagonists, and temperature perception.

(200) Frontiers in Basic Pain: Rita Allen Foundation Scholars in Pain
Michael Jankowski, PhD (Moderator); Sarah Ross, PhD; Rebecca Seal, PhD; Reza Sharif Naeini, PhD

This symposium will bring together 2012 and 2013 APS/Rita Allen Foundation Scholars in Pain to present their ongoing research, which cover areas of interest to both basic researchers and clinicians. The purpose of this session is to present and discuss novel advances in the mechanisms of pain at the molecular and  cellular levels and how these results can be translated into better clinical therapies. Because of the diversity of the scholars, this session will cover a range of topics analyzing the peripheral and central mechanisms of pain development, which includes studies of basic science, musculoskeletal pain, and translational pain research.

(201) Excercise is Medicine: Translating Science to Practice
Laura Frey Law, PhD PT (Moderator); Marie Hoeger Bement, PhD PT; Katrina Maluf; Kathleen Sluka, PhD PT

In the past decade, our understanding of the widespread health benefits of regular physical activity has expanded greatly. This symposium will present new basic, translational, and clinical data supporting the benefits of exercise for preventing and managing chronic pain, and will highlight open-access resources to support exercise prescription in clinical practice.

(202) From Brain to Spine and Beyond: Tracking Low Back Pain from the Nervous System to Peripheral Tissues   
Laura Stone, PhD (Moderator); Helen Langevin, MD: David Seminowicz, PhD

Persistent back pain affects 15% of the adult population and is the leading cause of disability in individuals 45 years and younger. Current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to chronic back pain are limited by our narrow understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms and by its inherent complexity. Dr. Stone will present data from preclinical studies investigating the relationship between degenerating intervertebral discs and the development of behavioral signs of low back pain (LBP) and the therapeutic effects of increased voluntary activity will be presented. Dr. Seminowicz will discuss brain imaging studies in people suffering from LBP and related disorders. Dr. Langevin will present the result of ultrasound studies of paravertebral connective tissue in human chronic low back pain.

(203) Pediatric Chronic Pain in the Laboratory: Conditioned Pain Modulation and Neuroimaging in Clinical and High-Risk Samples of Youth
Christine Champbers, PhD (Moderator); Amy Lewandowski Holley, PhD; Laura Simons, PhD; Anna Wilson PhD

This symposium will describe findings from studies using conditioned pain modulation (CPM) tasks and neuroimaging approaches with youth with chronic pain or at increased risk for chronic pain. Presenters will discuss ways in which CPM and neuroimaging data collected in childhood and adolescence may contribute to our knowledge on the development of chronic pain and correlates of pain treatment response, and will address methodological considerations.

(204) Understanding and Treating Persistent Pain using Virtual Technologies
Francis Keefe, PhD (Moderator); Adam Hirsh, PhD; thomas Parsons, PhD; Zina Trost, PhD

Recent advances in virtual technologies (VTs) have facilitated new approaches to understanding and treating pain. Though virtual reality environments successfully have been utilized for acute pain intervention, researchers increasingly are using these technologies to address issues in chronic pain management. The current session will present on recent uses of VTs a) as an immersive adaptive environment for treatment of chronic pain, b) as an extension of graded exposure therapy for chronic pain disability that incorporates an interactive gaming interface, and c) as a tool for understanding and informing clinicians’ treatment decisions.

(205) Forging Provider-Patient Partnerships to Help Patients Navigate the Maze of Pain 
Donna Kalauokalani, MD MPH (Moderator); Penny Cowan, RT; Joanne Schneider, MSN CNS NP

The American Chronic Pain Association promotes a balanced approach to pain management with the goal of improving quality of life, increasing function, and reducing the sense of suffering. Key elements in this approach are optimizing communication between the consumer and the healthcare provider and empowering the patient to become engaged in self-management activities.

(300) Optogenetics in Pain
Brian Davis, PhD (Moderator); Robert Gereau, PhD; Benedict Kolber, PhD

This symposium will provide a coordinated introduction to the use of optogenetics to understand the neural control of nociception and pain. Optogenetics includes light-activated channels, pumps, and receptors (e.g., G protein-coupled receptors) to modulate neuronal activity in a cell-type specific manner. It also includes genetically encoded probes that can be used to monitor neuronal activity (e.g., GCaMP). The purpose of this symposium is to first provide an introduction to optogenetics for the novice and discuss the future use of this technique as a basic science and clinical tool. Next, three presentations will highlight research utilizing optogenetic approaches to interrogate the contribution of peripheral nociceptors and the brain in the modulation of nociception and pain.

(301) Does Sex Matter? Sex X Gene Interactions in Human Pain and Analgesia
Inna Belfer, MD PhD (Moderator); Luda Diatchenko, PhD; Roger Fillingim, PhD

The future of personalized pain medicine will be based on individual difference factors contributing to variability in pain and analgesic responses, such as sex and genetic polymorphisms. Moreover, it is increasingly appreciated that these factors interact with each other to impact pain and analgesia. Sex differences in pain have been extensively documented, and genetic influences on pain can vary considerably based on the sex of the individual; however, the particular interactions between sex and genes regarding pain still are not fully uncovered. This session will provide current research insights on a wide spectrum of fundamental differences in the genetic contributions to variability in pain and analgesic responses within each sex and mechanisms underlying these differences. A particular emphasis will be placed on the implications of the findings for clinical practice.

(302) Cognitive and Emotional Processing for Chronic Pain: Innovative Treatment Approaches
Mark P. Jensen, PhD (Moderator); Mark Lumley, PhD; Howard Schubiner, MD

This symposium will introduce participants to the theory underlying and evidence supporting innovative treatments that incorporate cognitive and emotional processing to improve pain treatment outcomes. The symposium is most relevant to treatment providers (physicians, nurses, psychologists, and social workers) who use or incorporate psychological or behavioral approaches into their practice and who wish to increase the number of therapeutic techniques they can use to benefit their clients.

(303) Bench to Bedside: Linking Genetics, Neurophysiology, and Psychosocial Factors in Pediatric Chronic Pain
Christine Seiberg, PhD (Moderator); Mark Baccei, PhD; Laura Cornelissen, PhD

The mechanisms of developing chronic pain are starkly different in neonates, children, and adults. Neuropathic pain rarely develops in neonates, even after large-scale nerve damage, in sharp contrast to adults (Costigan et al., 2009). Inflammation in the young, however, is thought to pathologically sculpt the developing nervous system in ways that can increase gain in these systems throughout life (Beggs et al., 2012). The focus of this symposium is to discuss the genetics, neurophysiology, and psychological factors in pediatric chronic pain.

(304) NIH Pain Consortium—Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain
Partap Khalsa, PhD (Moderator); Richard Deyo, MD MPH; Sean Mackey, MD PhD

This will be a presentation of the research standards for chronic low back pain that were developed by a Research Task Force convened by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Pain Consortium. The heart of the research standards are a definition of chronic low back pain and a minimum dataset that should be included in all prospective research studies related to chronic low back pain. The presentation will include the process and methods used to arrive at the research standards as well as the research standards themselves.

(127) Pain in Infants, Children, and Adolescents

The APS Pain in Infants, Children, and Adolescents SIG will hold a Pediatric Pain Research Blitz at its meeting at the 2014 Annual Scientific Meeting. This session will consist of short, 10-minute presentations on new research efforts. We also will use the meeting to announce the 2014 recipient of the Pediatric Young Investigator Research Award.

Participants in the research blitz will be selected from responses to a call for proposals, which we will issue approximately 2 months before the meeting.

(128) Basic Science

Three early career scholars will give brief presentations on their recent work. The Basic Science liaisons to the APS Board of Directors and the Scientific Program Committee will give brief reports on APS activities over the year. SIG members will have an opportunity to contribute ideas for SIG activities for the coming year. Ideas will be solicited for the 2015 Basic Science Dinner Symposium. A new cochair for 2014–2015 will be elected.

(129) Geriatric Pain

The program will feature 40 minutes of focused presentations and a discussion on alternatives to traditional pharmacologic therapy for pain in older adults. Problems with the use of acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids in older adults will be briefly summarized. Experts from across diverse care settings will discuss the potential of shared decision making to solve this problem, the role of novel pharmacologic therapies and procedures to treat acute pain, and the barriers to providing complementary and alternative therapies to institutionalized older adults. Areas in which additional research are needed and the potential for collaboration across disciplines will be emphasized. The meeting will conclude with a 15- to 20-minute business meeting for the Geriatric Pain SIG.

(131) Genetics and Pain

The 2014 Genetics and Pain SIG meeting will follow a highly interactive format that welcomes input and engaging discussion from all attendees. The meeting will begin with an award given to recognize the outstanding work of a junior investigator/trainee, selected from poster abstracts pertaining to genetics and pain. The award recipient will have the opportunity to present their poster and discuss the implications of their findings with the audience. Next, one of our own members, Dr. Roy Levitt, will highlight novel genetic mechanisms that contribute to susceptibility to persistent pain. Following the presentations, time is allotted for overall discussion regarding the growth and direction of the SIG, including ways to build the membership and expand activities.

(132) Pain and Disparities

This meeting, moderated by Lara Dhingra, PhD, and Burel Goodin, PhD, will feature three presentations from nationally known speakers that expand traditional perspectives on pain disparities and propose key priorities for pain research and policy. Dr. Roger Fillingim will examine original data from a study that aims to clarify the roles of biological, sociocultural, and psychological factors that contribute to ethnic differences in pain. Dr. Carmen Green will discuss health policy and relevant research on disparities in pain care due to race and ethnicity, and will review how new initiatives within the Affordable Care Act will address pain care disparities. Dr. Robert Twillman will describe the impact of new state policies on access to pain care, particularly for populations with healthcare disparities, and will review original data from a survey of individuals with chronic pain who were denied prescriptions at pharmacies.

(133) Complementary and Alternative Medicine

(134) Clinical Trials

Beyond Inflammation—Exploring Mechanisms of Persistent Pain in Arthritis
Camilla Svensson, PhD MPharmSci

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease associated with debilitating joint pain and progressive cartilage and bone loss. Although inflammation is assumed to be the driving force for joint pain occurring in RA, recent data show that pain continues to be a problem although the disease is medically controlled or in remission. This raises the possibility that arthritis-induced pain is only partly dependent on the inflammatory status in the joint. Using disease-relevant models of RA have revealed that antibody-driven joint inflammation has long-term impacts on the sensory nervous system. This talk will describe changes in the neurochemical profile of nociceptive neurons occurring in the post-inflammatory phase of experimental arthritis and highlight potential peripheral and central mechanisms that drive persistent pain when it occurs as a consequence of joint inflammation.

Illuminating the Path to Multidisciplinary Pain Management
John Loeser, MD

The lecture will address the history of the development of the concept of multidisciplinary pain management and various forms of its implementation in different countries throughout the world. Evidence for the efficacy of this type of pain management will be discussed and issues in the implementation of multidisciplinary pain management will be explored. Key components of successful multidisciplinary pain management will be explored and lessons learned from the experiences at the University of Washington will be discussed.

(400) Innovative Delivery of Pain Self-Management Programs
Dawn Ehde, PhD (Moderator); Kristin Archer, PhD DPT; Stephen Wegener, PhD ABPP; Tonya Palermo, PhD

Self-management programs that target psychosocial risk factors have proven effective for reducing pain and disability in adults and youth with chronic pain. However, studies indicate that many adults, adolescents, and children with pain have inadequate access to evidence-based pain treatment due to financial, geographic, or mobility constraints that typically render clinic-based programs impractical or inaccessible. This symposium will describe innovative delivery models that broaden the availability of effective pain management and behavior change strategies. The research programs represented in this session will focus on remote (telephone and Web-based) pain self-management programs; implementation through nontraditional providers, such as physical therapists; and the translation of these models into clinical practice.

(401) Emerging Themes in G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling
Derek Molliver, PhD (Moderator); Laura Bohn, PhD; Nathaniel Jeske, PhD; Lakshmi Devi, PhD MSc

This session will describe emerging themes in research examining the function of G protein-coupled receptors in the modulation of pain circuits. Significant advances in our understanding of how these receptors function provide a more complex picture of their role in signal transduction and suggest new avenues for the development of drugs with increased selectivity and reduced side effect profile.

(402) The Role of Mitochondria in Chronic Pain
Jin Chung, PhD; Shuanglin Hao, MD PhD (Moderator); Jon Levine, MD PhD; Daniela Salvemini, PhD

A wide range of disorders have underlying pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. The mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic pain are largely unclear. This session will explore the recent studies about mitochondrial mechanisms in the inflammatory, nerve injury, or HIV-related neuropathic pain and morphine tolerance.

(403) APS Clinical Centers of Excellence: Promoting the Highest Standards of Evidence-Based Interdisciplinary Pain Care
Robert Kerns, PhD (Moderator); Stefan Friedrichsdorf, MD; John Markman, MD

This symposium will highlight one of APS’s most important initiatives, the Clinical Centers of Excellence Program. The symposium will provide an overview of the program and showcase presentations from three recent honorees. Presenters will describe innovations in providing evidence-based, interdisciplinary clinical care and the integration of science, education, and advocacy in both university and community settings.

(404) Mechanisms of Change in Psychosocial Interventions for Chronic Pain
Lance McCracken, PhD (Moderator); John Burns, PhD; Gemma Mansell, MSc;Kevin Vowles, PhD

Though psychosocial interventions have good evidence of effect, the mechanisms by which these effects occur remains unclear. This symposium will present the results of several recent studies designed to enhance clarity in the identification of these mechanisms.

(405) Neural and Immune Mechanisms Mediating Pain in Sickle Cell Disease  
Cheryl Stucky, PhD (Moderator); Kalpna Gupta, PhD; Cheryl Hillery, MD

The acute and chronic pain that devastates the lives of patients with sickle cell disease has only recently been appreciated by the pain research community. This symposium will focus on a) recent developments in our understanding of the peripheral and central neural mechanisms underlying sickle cell pain, b) the contribution of immune cells to the pain, and c) developing strategies that treat the pain without an inadvertent effect on the systemic disease. The goal is to identify targets for therapeutics that will treat the pain and result in improved disease outcome.

(500) National and International Pain Registries: Analysis and Use of Practice-Based Evidence
Debra Gordon, DNP RN FAAN (Moderator); Susan Horn, PhD; Sean Mackey, MD PhD

This symposium will describe the current progress in developing and utilizing large chronic and acute pain registries for point-of-care decision making, quality improvement, and research. Appropriate data elements and data collection and analysis methods for large databases will be outlined, highlighting registry progress in the field of pain.

(501) Pain Control by Novel Lipid Mediators: Preclinical and Clinical Studies on Pro-and Anti-Inflammatory Mediators 
Ru-Rong Ji, PhD (Moderator); Christopher Ramsden, MD; Daniela Salvemini, PhD

Recent progress demonstrates that lipid mediators have both pro- and antinociceptive roles. This symposium will review evidence that a) pro-inflammatory lipid mediators such as ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate (SIP) promote pain and b) anti-inflammatory lipid mediators such as resolvins and protectins potently inhibit inflammatory and neuropathic pain in animal models. We also will present clinical evidence that a dietary intervention increasing n-3 and reducing n-6 fatty acids can effectively reduce chronic headache.

(600) Function and Dysfunction of Potassium Channels in Nociceptors: Implications in the Development and Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
Manuel Covarrubias, MD PhD (Moderator); Hui-Lin Pan, MD PhD; Yuan-Xiang Tao, PhD

We will discuss studies of various voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv1.2, Kv1.4, Kv3.4, K4.2, and Kv7.2) and large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels expressed in nociceptors. These studies have investigated various injury models (peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord injury, etc.) to demonstrate that hyperexcitable pain states can result from potassium channel dysregulation involving specific posttranscriptional, posttranslational, and epigenetic mechanisms.

(601) Biopsychosocial Mechanisms and Treatment of Pain in Older Adults
Barbara Rakel, PhD RN (Moderator); Emily Bartley, PhD; Yenisel Cruz-Almeida, PhD MSPH; Jordan Karp, MD

This symposium will focus on integrating mechanism-based approaches in the characterization and treatment of pain in older adults to guide clinical pain interventions. Efforts to translate the current science of pain and aging to improve assessment and management of pain in older populations will be considered.

(W700) NIH Workshop on Successful Grant Writing and Funding Opportunities in Pain Research  
Linda Porter, PhD (Moderator); John Kusiak, PhD; Jennifer Haythornthwaite, PhD; David Thomas, PhD

This workshop will guide new and experienced investigators through the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant application process and offer tips for successful grant writing and guidance on NIH funding opportunities for pain research. It will include an overview of NIH funding mechanisms for early and midstage career development and an update on review processes at NIH.

(W701) Herbal Marijuana in Clinical Practice: Optimizing Policies and Outcomes
Seddon Savage, MD MS (Moderator); Bertha Madras, PhD; Bill McCarberg, MD; E. Alfonso A. Romero-Sandoval, MD PhD

Herbal marijuana is now legally available in numerous states for clinical use by patients with pain, nausea, cachexia, and other symptoms, and some states have made cannabis available for recreational and other elective purposes. This session will prepare clinicians to counsel patients on the potential benefits and risks of marijuana use, consider different drug delivery systems, weigh the relative benefits of currently available U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved cannabinoid medications and emerging products, and monitor and guide patients who choose to use marijuana for symptom management. It will also explore about the range of federal and state policies that govern marijuana use and will consider how to improve policies to better serve patients and the public health.

(W702) Square Pegs in Round Holes? Do Clinical Guidelines Fit Our Patients’ Needs? 
Charles Argoff, MD (Moderator); Roger Chou, MD; R. Norman Harden, MD; Brett Stacey, MD; Mark Wallace, MD

Multiple pain management practice guidelines in the peer-reviewed literature include those for interventional modalities, chronic opioid therapy, neuropathic pain, chronic low back pain, migraine headache, trigeminal neuralgia, persistent pain in older people, complex regional pain syndrome, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Even when best evidence and sound methodology are utilized to create a guideline, they fall short of providing true clinical guidance. Each of the faculty will present logical and methodical approaches to addressing the limits of current treatment guidelines to improve patient outcomes as well as recommendations for improving the clinical relevance of future pain management treatment guidelines.

(136) Basic Science Research Dinner: Promises and Challenges of Bioinformatic Approaches in Pain Research
Benedict Kolber, PhD, and David Seminowicz, PhD (Moderators); Michael Costigan, PhD; Luda Diatchenko, PhD; Camilla Svensson, PhD

In recent years, bioinformatic approaches have gained momentum in the field of pain. By focusing on large-scale analysis of genes, gene expression, and overall disease state, bioinformatic approaches carry the promise of identifying new targets in our understanding of pain and in revealing the root causes of complex multigene diseases. The speakers, with their diverse background in pain and different bioinformatic approaches will discuss the early successes of using “big data” to study pain and the future of bioinformatics in pain.
Seating is limited. Preregistration is required.

(105) Frederick W. L. Kerr Basic Science Research Lecture
TRPV1 Therapeutics and Transcriptomics
Michael Iadarola, PhD

This talk will examine the development of an agonist approach to TRPV1 therapeutics for treating pain. The TRPV1 ion channel/capsaicin receptor has been intensively studied ever since the algesic actions of capsaicin were identified. My lab has concentrated on the development of TRPV1 agonists as analgesic agents in particular the high potency agonist resiniferatoxin (RTX) and more recently positive allosteric modulators. This talk will discuss RTX agonist actions that support its use as an analgesic in translational studies and our canine and human clinical cancer pain trials. Because of the efficacy of RTX, we have sought to determine every molecule these neurons make and recently elaborated the complete transcriptome of TRPV1 neurons using next-gen RNA-Seq. The RNA-Seq method quantitatively and comprehensively measures all genes expressed in a particular cell type or tissue sample. These data provide the beginnings of the sensory ganglion “nociceptome” to be constructed that allows a new, in silico, approach to pain research to be developed.

(106) Wilbert E. Fordyce Clinical Lecture
Wilber E. Fordyce: A Legacy of Clinical Mastery
Mark P. Jensen, PhD

Wilbert "Bill" E. Fordyce is perhaps best known for his pioneering work in the application of the operant model to chronic pain and the development of effective pain treatment strategies based on this model. These contributions alone have had a monumental impact on the field of pain assessment, treatment, and research, and laid the groundwork for a whole generation of clinicians and researchers who continue to create innovative and effective pain interventions. However, those of us who were lucky enough to work directly with Dr. Fordyce also knew him as a master clinician who was able to quickly establish rapport with patients and elicit significant change in how they view and respond to pain. Dr. Jensen will discuss some of the ways that Dr. Fordyce continues to inspire many of the world’s experts in the field of pain research and treatment. He will also review a number of specific clinical strategies Dr. Fordyce applied regularly and effectively with patients, including his use of metaphor, and share some of the colorful ways he communicated key findings from his evaluations to colleagues. The talk will end with a discussion of research that has continued in Dr. Fordyce’s tradition—research that seeks to identify and understand clinical strategies that will inspire individuals with chronic pain to live full and meaningful lives.

(107) Global Year Against Pain Lecture
The Neurobiology of Orofacial Cancer Pain
Brian Schmidt, DDS MD PhD

The etiology of orofacial cancer pain is not known and current treatment is ineffective. Dr. Schmidt will discuss the molecular cross-talk between cancer and peripheral nervous system that is responsible for pain. He will present data demonstrating a reciprocal proliferative effect between cancer and surrounding sensory nerves.

(800) Measuring Inappropriate Use of Analgesic Medications in Clinical Trials
Dennis Turk, PhD (Moderator); Richard Dart, MD PhD; Bob Rappaport, MD; Shannon Smith, PhD

This symposium will present a consensus effort undertaken by academic, industry, clinical, public health, and regulatory experts in pain and addiction to a) standardize classifications and definitions for inappropriate medication use events (e.g., abuse, misuse), b) develop a system to retrospectively quantify such events in completed clinical trials, and c) create a prospective assessment system to identify and classify inappropriate medication use events occurring in clinical trials. This symposium will be of interest to investigators and sponsors studying drugs with the potential for inappropriate use.

(801) Novel Modulators and Signaling Mechanisms in Inflammatory Pain
Yuriy Usachev, PhD (Moderator); David Clark, MD PhD; Durga Mohapatra; PhD

This symposium focuses on several novel classes of inflammatory and pronociceptive mediators, including complement fragments; sphingolipids and natriuretic peptides and their receptors; downstream signaling mechanisms; and molecular targets in nociceptive neurons, glia, and immune cells . Distinct mechanisms through which these novel mediators potentiate nociceptor excitability and pain hypersensitivity, as well as the epigenetic mechanisms controlling the expression of pain mediators by both neurons and glial cells, will be discussed. It is expected that this symposium will aid in the development of new mechanism-based approaches for more specific and efficacious pain treatment.

(802) Disparities in Osteoarthritis: Clinical Findings, and Treatment Implications
Robert Edwards, PhD (Moderator); Tamara Baker, PhD; Toni Glover, PhD; Ann Horgas, PhD RN

The goal of this session is to present research data from three studies examining disparities in osteoarthritis assessment and treatment for older Black Americans and to discuss how these findings impact clinical care.

(803) There Is an App for That: Using Mobile Technology to Improve Chronic Pain 
Robert Jamison, PhD (Moderator); Cary Reid, MD PhD; Jennifer Stinson, PhD RN CPNP

This symposium will review different smartphone pain apps for managing chronic pain.

(804) The Use of Creative Arts Therapies for Chronic Pain Management: Embodied Interventions
Joke Bradt, PhD (Moderator); Eva Bojner, PhD PhT Reg DMT; Mollay Haaga, MA; Minjung Shim, MA

The creative arts therapies, including music therapy, dance/movement therapy, and art therapy, activate mechanisms important for improved physical and psychosocial functioning in people with chronic pain. Engagement in creative expression within a therapeutic relationship can augment body awareness, improve emotional expressivity, facilitate meaning making, enhance mood, restore joy and energy, renew hope, and provide a strong sense of support. This symposium will highlight the unique contributions of the creative arts therapies to chronic pain management and will present current research evidence.

(805) Translating Provider Education from Theory into Clinical Practice
Laura McGhee, PhD (Moderator); Joana Katzman, MD MSPH; Christopher Spevak, JD MD MPH

The pain conditions and comorbidities experienced by injured service members and the challenge of pain management by the military medical system offe r an opportunity to inform pain management and medical research. This session describes pain education standardization efforts that are ongoing at the University of New Mexico Extension for Community Health Outcomes program and in the Department of Defense. This program will focus on the unique challenges in pain management faced by the primary care providers in both the civilian healthcare system and military medical system and the translation of these ideas into clinical tools and practice.

(900) Circulating MicroRNA Signatures of Chronic Pain
Asma Khan, PhD BDS (Moderator); Seena Ajit, PhD; Andrea Nackley, PhD; Ahmet Sacan, PhD

Emerging evidence implicates a role for small noncoding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) in chronic pain syndromes. Because miRNAs function as negative regulators of gene expression, reductions in circulating miRNA levels may result in increased expression of genes involved in pain-relevant processes. This symposium will elucidate miRNA signatures associated with different types of pain (musculoskeletal, neuropathic, inflammatory, and chemical) in humans and animal models as well as discuss the basic underlying molecular mechanisms and future clinical implications.

(901) State of the Science and Practice of Interprofessional Pain Education
David Thomas, PhD (Moderator); Antje Barreveld, MD; Rosemary Polomano, PhD RN FAAN; Debra Weiner, MD

The aims of this session are to a) examine the state of research and consensus guiding interprofessional pain education, b) report on the progress made by three National Institutes of Health Pain Consortium Centers of Excellence in Pain Education in creating and disseminating critical topics in interprofessional pain education, c) summarize the unique challenges of conducting interprofessional pain education and discuss effective solutions to promote the integration of interprofessional pain education programs into existing academic and practice settings, and d) outline evaluation strategies to measure the success and impact of an innovative educational initiatives.

(902) Applying Innovative Trial Design to Address the Challenges of Novel Analgesic Drug Development
Phil Birch (Moderator); Parvin Fardipour, PhD; Eduardo Rodenas, MD; Lynn Webster, MD

Developing new analgesic drugs to treat acute and chronic pain in adults and children is a challenging, costly, and lengthy process. The use of innovative adaptive trial design to improve decision making and efficiency in exploratory clinical research offers substantial hope that effective analgesics can be delivered to patients more efficiently and quickly that traditional fixed designs.